Matter In Our Surroundings

Matter In Our Surroundings

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (VSAQ)

1. What is matter made of? Ans :- Matter is made up of tiny particles, which can be atoms, molecules, or ions. 2. What...

11. What is dilution? Ans :- Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of a substance in a solution by addi...

21. What does it mean that particles of matter have space between them? Ans :- It means there are tiny gaps or voids be...

31. What is cohesion? Ans :- Cohesion is the force that holds particles of the same substance together. 32. How does c...

41. What keeps the particles in a solid from moving freely? Ans :- The particles in a solid are held together by strong...

51. Can matter exist in different states? Ans :- Yes, matter can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas depending on temperat...

61. What is evaporation? Ans :- Evaporation is the process where a liquid changes into a gas or vapor even if it's not...

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (SAQ)

1. The temperature at which liquids change into vapors is very high, for example, if water evaporates at 100°C, then how...

2. Name the factors that affect evaporation. Ans :- The rate of evaporation will increase with i. an increase in surfa...

3. The mass per unit volume of a substance is called density. (density = mass/volume). Arrange the following in order o...

4. Are the three states of matter inter-convertible? How can they interconnect? Ans :- Yes, the three states of matter...

5. On a hot sunny day, why do we feel pleasant sitting under a tree? Ans :- Trees have lots of leaves with tiny openin...

6. Define latent heat of vaporization and latent heat of fusion. Ans :- The latent heat of vaporization is the amount...

7. Why should we wear cotton clothes in summer? Ans :- Cotton absorbs sweat well and helps it evaporate quickly. When...

8. Why is it that a wooden chair should be called a solid and not a liquid? Ans :- A wooden chair is a solid because i...

9. How does evaporation cause cooling? Ans :- During evaporation, the particles on the surface of a liquid absorb heat...

10. A diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool. Which property of matter does this observation show? Ans...

11. A balloon, when kept in the sun, bursts after some time. Why? Ans :- When you put a balloon filled with air in the...

12. What is evaporation? What are the factors affecting it? Ans :- Evaporation is when a liquid turns into a gas at an...

13. On a hot sunny day, why do people sprinkle water on the roof or open ground? Ans :- On hot sunny days, roofs and g...

14. Why do people perspire a lot on a hot, humid day? Ans :- On a hot and humid day, your body sweats to cool down thr...

15. One kg cotton and one kg sand, which is more denser? Why? Ans :- One kg of sand is denser than 1 kg of cotton beca...

16. With the help of an example, explain how diffusion of gases in water is essential. Ans :- Gases from the air mix a...

17. With the help of an example, explain how diffusion of gases in water is essential? Ans :- Gases from the air mix i...

18. What happens when the temperature of the solids increase? Ans :- When we heat a solid, we’re adding energy to it....

19. Why is it that on increasing the wind speed the rate of evaporation increases? Ans :- When the wind blows quickly,...

20. Explain why solids have a fixed shape but liquids and gases do not have a fixed shape. Ans :- Solids keep their sh...

21. Liquids and gases can be compressed but it is difficult to compress solids. Why? Ans :- Liquids and gases have spa...

22. Why is water liquid at room temperature? Ans :- At room temperature, the water molecules are held together by some...

23. Why does a desert cooler cool better on a hot dry day? Ans :- In a desert cooler, when hot air passes through the...

24. If the melting point of object A is high then what state do you expect it to be at room temperature? Ans :- The mel...

25. When heat is being supplied to a solid, then what does the heat energy do to the particles of the solid? Ans :- H...

26. Why do we say that evaporation is a surface phenomenon? Ans :- Evaporation happens only at the surface of a liquid...

27. Which of the following matter? Chair, air, love, smell, hate, almonds, thought, cold, cold drink, the smell of perf...

28. What is the physical state of water at: (a) A temperature of 250 ⁰C Ans :- Water boils at 100°C, which means it...

29. What is the physical state of water at- (a) A temperature of 25 ⁰C? Ans :- The physical state of water at 25 ⁰C is...

30. Why does our palm feel cold when we put some acetone or petrol or perfume on it? Ans :- Perfume and petrol are liq...

31. What type of clothes should we wear in summer? Ans :- We should wear clothes that let sweat evaporate easily becau...

32. Convert the following temperatures to the Kelvin scale. (a) The temperature is 25 ⁰C Ans :- When we use: K = ⁰C +...

33. Give two reasons to justify - (a) Water at room temperature is a liquid. Ans :- For a temperature of 100 ⁰C water...

34. What produces more severe burns, boiling water or steam? Ans :- When steam turns into boiling water, it releases e...

35. What happens when we apply pressure to the particles of matter? Ans :- Pressure is the force spread out over a cer...

36. Give reasons for the following observation: The smell of hot sizzling food reaches you several meters away, but to...

37. How does the water kept in an earthen pot (matka) become cool during summer? Ans :- In an earthen pot, water cools...

38. Liquids generally have a lower density as compared to solids. But you must have observed that ice floats on water....

39. Why is ice at 273 K more effective in cooling than water at the same temperature? Ans :- Ice cools more effectivel...

40. What are the characteristics of the particles of matter? Ans :- The particles of matter have the following chara...

41. Cotton is solid but it floats on water. Why? Ans :- Cotton has lots of tiny holes where air gets trapped, making it...

42. Why are solids generally denser than liquids and gases? Ans :- The density of a substance is given by a formula= M...

43. Why are we able to sip hot tea or milk faster from a saucer rather than a cup? Ans :- When we use a saucer instea...

44. Convert the following temperatures to the Celsius scale. (a) The temperature is 293 K Ans :- When we use: ⁰C =...

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (LAQ)

1. Describe the characteristics of liquids that distinguish them from solids and gases. Provide examples of each state...

2. How do gases differ from solids and liquids in terms of particle movement and compressibility? Give examples of appl...

3. A solution of H2SO4 is labeled 40%. The density of the solution is 1.3 gm/l. What is the concentration of the solut...

4. Discuss the factors which affect evaporation. Ans :- There are four factors which affect evaporation. i. Surfac...

5. How is the high compressibility property of gas useful to us? Ans :- Gases can be compressed easily, which is usef...

6. Give reasons (a) A gas fills completely the vessel in which it is kept. Ans :- In gases, the particles don’t have...

7. Give a reason for the following observations. (a) Naphthalene balls disappear with time without leaving any solid....

8. The melting point of ice is 273.16 K. What does this mean? Explain in detail. Ans :- At 0°C (273 K), ice is a soli...

9. Why is it that to smell cold food, we have to go close but the smell of hot food reaches us several meters away? An...

11. Give an experiment to show that ammonium chloride undergoes sublimation. Ans :- Experiment for representing the su...

12. What is the state of inter particle distance inside a solid, liquid, and gas? Ans :- In a solid, the particles are...

14. What is distillation and fractional distillation? What is the basic property that separates the two methods? Ans :...

15. Explain how the strength of particle attraction affects the behavior of solids, liquids, and gases. Provide an exam...

16. Describe an experiment to show how particles in different materials respond to force. How do iron wire, chalk, and...

17. Explain how the particle arrangement in solids affects their shape and volume. Use examples to illustrate your answ...

NCERT SOLUTION

Page No. 3 1. Which of the following are matter? Chair, air, love, smell, hate, almonds, th...

Page No. 6 1. The mass per unit volume of a substance is called density.(density=mass/volu...

2. (a) Tabulate the differences in the characterisitcs of states of matter. (b) Comment upon the following: rigi...

3. Give reasons (a) A gas fills completely the vessel in which it is kept. (b) A gas exerts pressure on the wa...

4. Liquids generally have lower density as compared to solids. But you must have observed that ice floats on water....

Page No. 9 1. Convert the following temperature to Celsius scale: (a) 300 K (b) 573 K...

Page No. 10 1. Why does a desert cooler cool better on a hot dry day? Ans :- A d...

Page No. 12 Exercises 1. Convert the following temperature to Celsius scale. (a) 293K (b)...

6. Give two reasons to justify. (a) Water at room temperature is a liquid. (b) An iron almirah is a solid at room tem...

7. Why is ice at 273 K more effective in cooling than water at the same temperature? Ans :- Ice absorbs...

9. Name A, B, C, D, E and F in the following diagram showing change in its state. Ans :-...

SUMMARY

Concept of Matter 1. Definition of Matter: Everything around us, from the air we breathe to the objects we see, is mad...

A. Classification Based on Physical Properties: This method focuses on observable and measurable characteristics witho...

Physical Nature of Matter The physical nature of matter helps us understand its basic properties and how it behaves. O...

Molecules Molecules are the smallest units of a substance that retain all of its chemical properties. They are made...

How Small Are the Particles of Matter? Particles of matter are incredibly small, and even tiny amounts can have noticeab...

Dilution Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of a substance in a solution by adding more solvent, u...

Characteristics of Particles of Matter Understanding the characteristics of particles helps us grasp how different subs...

Characteristics of Particles of Matter One important characteristic of particles is that they are continuously moving....

Particles of Matter Attract Each Other ❑ Concept: Particles of matter are held together by forces of attraction. T...

States of Matter Matter around us can exist in three main states: solid, liquid, and gas. Each state has distinct pro...

The Solid State ❑ Characteristics of Solids: 1. Particle Arrangement: i. In solids, particles are packed closely...

The Liquid State ❑ Characteristics of Liquids: 1. Shape and Volume: i. Shape: Liquids do not have a fixed shape....

The Gaseous State ❑ Characteristics of Gases: 1. Movement and Spacing: i. Movement: Gas molecules move very free...

Can Matter Change Its State? Yes, matter can change its state depending on the temperature and pressure. A substance can...

Understanding the Effect of Temperature on States of Matter ❑ Activity: Observing Temperature Changes and State Tran...

Understanding the Changes in States of Matter with Temperature 1. Solid to Liquid (Melting) ❑ What Happens During...

Effect of Change of Pressure on States of Matter 1. Gases and Pressure ➺ Compressibility: Gases can be compressed b...

Latent Heat 1. What is Latent Heat? ➺ Hidden Heat: Latent heat is the energy required to change a substance from...

Latent Heat of Vaporization ❑ Simple Explanation: The latent heat of vaporization is the amount of heat needed to...

Sublimation ❑ What is Sublimation? ❑ Definition: Sublimation is when a solid turns directly into a gas witho...

Evaporation Evaporation is the process where a liquid changes into a gas without reaching its boiling point. This can o...

Factors Affecting Evaporation 1. Nature of the Liquid: Different liquids evaporate at different rates. Liquids with we...

How Does Evaporation Cause Cooling? Evaporation makes things cooler because it removes the most energetic particles f...

Examples of Evaporation i. Cotton Clothes in Summer: In hot weather, we sweat a lot. Cotton clothes absorb this sweat...